North American Lepidoptera Biodiversity LLC

 

Contributions to a Check List of the Lepidoptera of Mosquito Hill Nature Center in Outagamie County, Wisconsin

(Macrolepidoptera Families: Thyatiridae, Drepanidae, Geometridae, Epiplemidae, Hesperiidae, Papilionidae, Pieridae, Lycaenidae, Riodinidae, Nymphalidae, Mimallonidae, Lasiocampidae, Apatelodidae, Saturniidae, Sphingidae, Notodontidae, and Noctuidae; also including: Hepialidae, Cossidae, Attevidae, Yponomeutidae, Zygaenidae, Limacodidae, and Thyrididae)

 

By Hugo L. Kons Jr.

 

Posted on the Web 8 September 2007

 

Most Recent Update: Feb. 2014

 

Note:  While this check list does not contain detailed information for the included species, an upcoming volume of the North American Journal of Lepidoptera Biodiversity will present phenology data reported for five day intervals, habitat data and analysis, hypotheses of habitat dependency for many of the included species, and other information and analyses.  To receive an e-mail notification when this volume becomes available, contact the author at hkonsjr@yahoo.com

 

Abstract:  I present a check list of 794 species of Lepidoptera collected at Mosquito Hill Nature Center from 1989-1995, including 783 species of Macrolepidoptera.  I hypothesize Mosquito Hill Nature Center may have an especially high concentration of Lepidoptera species diversity due to the numerous habitat types present in close proximity.

           

Introduction:  Mosquito Hill Nature Center (N 44°22.8’ W 88°42.3’) contains a variety of different habitat types including sedge meadow, floodplain hardwood forest (on the Wolf River floodplain), prairie planting, fields, a small wet meadow spring seep area, and a diverse hill containing varied forest types on the different slopes as well as limestone cliffs/hillside with small areas with some barrens/prairie character.  Some prairie/barrens vegetation present in the latter area includes lead plant (Amorpha canascens), Downy Phlox (Phlox pilosa), Pucoon (Lithospermum sp.), and Rock Cress (Arabyia sp.).  The south side of the hill contains eastern deciduous forest with Shagbark Hickory (Carya ovata), Bitternut Hickory, Oaks (Quercus sp.), Poplars (Populus sp.), Elms (Ulmus sp.), and other hardwoods.  However, in 2004 HLK visited the site in the winter and noted that many trees had been cut down along the base of the hill in the area where the hickories had been concentrated.  The north side of the hill contains a more northern type deciduous-conifer forest with White pine (Pinus alba).  The west side of the hill contains an area dominated by Red Cedar.  I have conducted extensive diurnal and nocturnal field work at this locality.

            I conducted surveys at Mosquito Hill Nature Center from 1989-1991 with bait traps and diurnal surveys.  From 1992-1995 (and once in 1996) I surveyed this site at night with UV lights and bait trails, in addition to continuing to conduct diurnal surveys. 

            I first produced check lists of Mosquito Hill Nature Center Rhopalocera and nocturnal Macrolepidoptera in the early 1990s, but only as unpublished reports.  These check lists have been continuously updated over the years and the current check list probably approaches a thorough inventory of the species I have documented in the included families, although I still have backlog material and a small number of unidentified species.  In addition, some of the detailed survey data for Mosquito Hill appears in a variety of unpublished reports which have been distributed to land managers, the WI Department of Natural Resources, and various Lepidopterists.  This internet site is my first paper on Mosquito Hill Lepidoptera that is more widely available, but more detailed papers are planned for future volumes of the North American Journal of Lepidoptera Biodiversity.

 

Methods:  My surveys were conducted with UV sheets, UV traps, type P and F bait traps, bait trails, tapping (limited), and diurnal collecting with nets and jars.  Follow this link for illustrations and a discussion of these survey methods.  All of the species on the following list were collected during my surveys.  I did not find any Mosquito Hill records in other collections I examined for additional WI records.             

 

Voucher Specimens:  At least one voucher specimen of each species I report from Mosquito Hill is currently housed in my personal research collection.  In addition, I have made donations of Mosquito Hill Lepidoptera to the Milwaukee Public Museum.  I identified or verified specimens of all of the species I list from Mosquito Hill with the exception of some Eupithecia (determined by George Balogh).

 

Classification:  The classification primarily follows the Hodges et al. (1983) check list with the exception of Nymphalidae (concept of Harvey 1991) and Noctuidae, incorporating information from Poole (1995), Mitchell et al. (2006), and Zahiri et al. (2011, 2012a, 2012b, 2013).  For a more detailed discussion of adopted changes in classification from the Hodges et al. (1983) check list, see the Classification section of the Kons, Borth, and Barina Check List of Wisconsin Macrolepidoptera.  For those species listed in Hodges et al. (1983), I include the original check list number, which serves as a citation for the describing author and year of description. 

 

Results:  To date my collections have documented 794 Lepidoptera species in the included families from Mosquito Hill Nature Center, including 783 species of Macrolepidoptera.  These species are listed in the check list at the end of this report. 

 

Discussion:  Mosquito Hill Nature Center has the longest list of documented Macrolepidoptera species among the eastern North America localities of comparable size for which I have compiled check lists or seen check lists in other publications.  Generally speaking, the most important factor influencing relative differences in the lengths of documented Lepidoptera species lists between different sites is the amount of survey effort rather than differences in species diversity in nature.  The only sites that I have surveyed as or more extensively than Mosquito Hill (with surveys conducted over multiple seasons and covering the full flight season when adult Lepidoptera are active) are Summer Street in Appleton (Outagamie County, Wisconsin), Fallen Timbers Environmental Center (Outagamie County, Wisconsin), the American Entomological Institute property (Alachua County, Florida) and Southwest 20th Avenue in Gainesville (Alachua County, Florida).  However, Mosquito Hill Nature Center may have an especially high concentration of Macrolepidoptera species diversity due to the wide variety of habitats that occur in close proximity.  The Mosquito Hill Macrolepidoptera species list contains about 57.0% of the verified species listed in the Kons, Borth, and Barina Check List of Wisconsin Macrolepidoptera, or 54.1% of WI Macrolepidoptera species if I include literature records which I have not verified.

            An upcoming NAJLB Volume on Wisconsin Lepidoptera by Kons, Borth, and Barina, includes analyses and preliminary lists of Wisconsin Macrolepidoptera species hypothesized to be dependent on particular habitat types, such as barrens/dry prairie, wetlands, and hickory forest.  The Mosquito Hill Macrolepidoptera fauna includes numerous species hypothesized to be habitat specialists, including sedge meadow dependent species, hydric hardwood forest dependent species, hickory forest dependent species, and some species potentially dependent on barrens or dry prairie. 

Mosquito Hill contains the northernmost populations of a number of hickory forest dependent species that I have documented in eastern Wisconsin, including Catocala epione, Catocala retecta, Catocala obscura, Catocala judith, Catocala serena, Catocala habilis, Catocala palaeogama, Catocala subnata, Psaphida electilis, and Satyrium caryaevorus.  It is unclear if Catocala nebulosa, Catocala piatrix, and Catocala vidua are resident species at Mosquito Hill, as these hickory forest species have been recorded only from single specimens.  However, when I visited the site in 2004, I saw that nearly all of the shagbark and bitternut hickory on the south side of the hill had been cut down, so it is unknown if these species still occur at Mosquito Hill.  Some smaller hickories were present on the top of the hill and in the floodplain forest.

  Mosquito Hill also contains the northernmost populations of two Hackberry (Celtis) dependent species I have documented in eastern Wisconsin: Astereocampa celtis and A. clyton.  Some other Celtis dependent species documented from southwest Wisconsin have never been found at Mosquito Hill, including Heterocampa subrotata and Isogona tenuis.

Some species potentially dependent on xeric barrens and/or prairies in WI are associated with the hill side/hill top barrens area (HT) and/or the prairie planting (PP) at Mosquito Hill.  These species include: Erynnis brizo (HT oak openings), Erynnis lucilius (HT limestone outcroppings with columbine), Glaucospyche lygdamus (primarily HT, occasional on PP), Chlosyne gorgone (had been common on PP prior to a whole prairie burn), Cycnia inopinatus (PP), Argyrostrotis anilis (one taken in the floodplain likely originated from HT), Tarachidia binocula (HT), Pyrrhia adela (HT), Schinia lucens (HT & PP), Apamea lutosa (HT), Chytonix sensilis (HT), Hadena capsularis (PP), Ulolonche culea (HT & PP), Ulolonche modesta (HT & PP), Trichosilia geniculata (HT & PP), and Euxoa perpolita (HT, one specimen).

There are several types of wetlands at Mosquito Hill, in two areas.  The Wolf River Floodplain (FP) includes hydric hardwood forest, sedge meadow openings, and emergent wetlands in Oxbow Ponds.  Adjacent to the hill is a spring fed wet meadow/sedge meadow (WM).  Potentially wetland dependent species recorded from Mosquito Hill, and the wetland area where they were recorded, include: Heterophleps triguttaria (FP), Carterocephalus palemon (FP & WM), Ancyloxpha numitor (FP), Poanes viator (FP), Euphyes dion (FP), Euphyes conspicua (FP), Euphyes bimacula (FP), Hyllolycaena hyllus (FP), Satyrium acadicum (FP), Clossiana selene (FP & WM), Satyrodes eurydice (FP & WM), Satyrodes appalachia (FP), Macrochilo absorptalis (FP & WM), Macrochilo bivittata (FP & WM), Phalaenostola hanhami (FP), Melanomma auricinctaria (FP), Hypenodes caducus (FP & WM), Hypenodes sombrus (FP), Ledaea perditalis (FP), Catocala crataegi (FP), Nola cilicoides (FP), Capis curvata (FP), Plusia putnami (FP & WM), Plusia contexta (FP), Plusia venusta (FP & WM), Apamea apamiformis (FP), Luperina passer (FP), Luperina stipata (FP), Eremobina jocasta (FP), Meropleon diversicolor (FP), Lemmeria digitalis (FP & WM), Chortodes inquinata (FP & WM), Chortodes defecta (FP), Archanara oblonga (FP), Archanara subflava (FP), Archanara laeta (FP), Papaipema cataphracta (FP & WM), Papaipema impecuniosa (FP & WM), Papaipema lysimachiae (FP), Papaipema inquaesita (FP), Papaipema rutila (FP), Papaipema nephleptena (FP & WM), Papaipema eupatori (FP & WM), Papaipema unimoda (FP & WM), Xanthia togata (FP & WM), Epiglaea apiata (WM), Agrotis gladiaria (FP & WM), and Coenophila opacifrons (FP & WM).  The floodplain was surveyed more extensively than the wet meadow, so the observation that more species were recorded from the floodplain is almost certainly influenced by sampling bias.

Colonies of some sedge meadow dependent butterflies associated with sedge meadow openings on the floodplain were adversely impacted by flooding in 1993.  Poanes viator was common in sedge meadows on the Wolf River floodplain from 1989-1992, and Euphyes dion was present there also but uncommon.  This area is normally flooded in the spring, but in 1993 (an usually wet year with major flooding problems along the Mississippi) the area remained flooded into July and August and the sedge meadow community never grew.  The following year the sedge meadow vegetation returned, but surveys in 1994 and 1995 did not uncover any P. viator or E. dion.  In contrast, colonies of these species at Fallen Timbers (not on a river floodplain) survived, and their habitat had unusually high water but the sedge meadow vegetation appeared normal.  Unfortunately, moth surveys with UV lights on the floodplain didn't occur until after 1993, so there was no historical baseline of moth data prior to this flooding event.

 

Eustrotiinae 7 July 95 MH HT

Unknown Noctuidae

 

Two very worn specimens of an unusual small Noctuid were collected on the top of the hill in UV Traps on 7 and 8 July 1995.  I have never seen additional specimens in any other collection, and no other specialist I have shown them to has recognized seeing the species before.  Some fresher specimens would be very useful to analyze wing pattern and DNA. 

 

Acknowledgments:  I thank Jim Anderson and the staff of Mosquito Hill Nature Center for their cooperation and encouragement with my Lepidoptera surveys at the nature center.  The authorization they provided to collect specimens with 24 hour access to the nature center was crucial to the success of this project.  I am especially grateful to my parents, Hugo & Sharon Kons Sr., for much support and tolerance for my research activities over many years.  I thank my colleagues Robert Borth and Thomas Barina for their collaboration in our study of Wisconsin Lepidoptera.  I give special thanks to Ken Hall of the University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point (retired) for his support and encouragement of my undergraduate Lepidoptera research activities.  I thank the University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point and the American Entomological Institute for lab space and infrastructural support.  I am especially appreciative of George Balogh, who examined hundreds of my WI Geometrid specimens and who was instrumental in helping me start my research collection for this family.  George Balogh also determined specimens for all of the Outagamie County Eupithecia species.  For assisting with the accurate identification of some Mosquito Hill specimens I also thank Douglas Ferguson and Eric Quinter.  Hugo and Sharon Kons Sr. assisted with building light and bait traps, and Richard Merkhofer provided the initial design for the inverted cone platform bait trap.  For facilitating access to museum collections I thank Donald Harvey, Patricia Poole, and Robert Robbins (National Museum of Natural History) and Su Borkin (Milwaukee Public Museum).  Also, for assistance with acquiring chemicals important to collecting or genitalic dissections, I thank Niklaus Hostettler, Jim Lloyd, Robert Robbins, and David Wahl. 

 

Check List of the Lepidoptera of Mosquito Hill Nature Center

 

Species Total for Included Families            794

 

MACROLEPIDOPTERA               783

 

DREPANOIDEA                                            7

 

THYATIRIDAE                                              3

6235    Habrosyne scripta      

6236    Habrosyne gloriosa    

6237    Pseudothyatira cymatophoroides

           

DREPANIDAE                                               4

Drepaninae                                                    3

6251    Drepana arcuata        

6252    Drepana bilineata       

6253    Eudeilinia herminiata  

Oretinae                                                         1

6255    Oreta rosea    

 

GEOMETROIDEA                                         145

 

GEOMETRIDAE                                            145

 

Ennominae                                                    94

6261    Heliomata cycladata  

6270    Proitame virginalis     

6272    Eumacaria latiferrugata         

6273    Itame pustularia         

6274    Itame ribearia 

6278    Itame evagaria           

6292    Itame exhauspicata   

6299    Itame coortaria           

6303    Itame subcessaria      

6326    Semiothisa aemulataria         

6340    Semiothisa minorata  

6431.1 Semiothisa masquerata         

6342    Semiothisa bisignata  

6347    Semiothisa pinistrobata          

6348    Semiothisa fissinotata

6351    Semiothisa oweni       

6362    Semiothisa continuata           

6386    Semiothisa ocellinata 

6397    Semiothisa mellistrigata         

6405    Semiothisa gnophosaria        

6570    Aethalura intertexta    

6582    Iridopsis vellivolata     

6583    Iridopsis ephyraria      

6584    Iridopsis humaria        

6588    Iridopsis larvaria         

6590    Anavitrinelia pampinaria        

6597    Ectropis crepuscularia           

6598    Protoboarmia porcelaria        

6620    Melanolophia canadaria         

6621    Melanolophia signataria         

6640    Biston betularia          

6651    Lycia ursaria  

6654    Hypagyrtis unipunctata          

6656    Hypagyrtis piniata      

6658    Phigalia titea   

6660    Phigalia strigitaria       

6662    Paleacrita vernata      

6663    Paleacrita merriccata

6665    Erannis tiliaria 

6666    Lomographa semiclarata       

6667    Lomographa vestaliata          

6668    Lomographa glomeraria        

6677    Cabera erythemaria   

6678    Cabera variolaria       

6720    Lytrosis unitaria          

6724    Euchlaena serrata      

6726    Euchlaena obtusaria  

6728    Euchlaena effecta     

6729    Euchlaena johnsonaria          

6734    Euchlaena marginaria

6739    Euchlaena irraria        

6740    Xanthotype urticaria   

6743    Xanthotype sospeta   

6753    Pero honestaria          

6754    Pero hubneraria         

6755    Pero morrisonaria      

6763    Nacophora quernaria 

6796    Campaea perlata       

6797    Ennomos magnaria   

6798    Ennomos subsignaria

6804    Petrophora subaequaria        

6807    Tacparia detersata     

6812    Homochlodes fritillaria           

6819    Metanema inatomaria

6820    Metanema determiniata         

6822    Metarranthis duaria    

6823    Metarranthis angularia           

6825    Metarranthis indeclinata         

6826    Metarranthis hypochraria       

6827    Metarranthis refractaria         

6835    Cepphis armataria     

6836    Anagoga pulveraria occiduaria          

6837    Probole alienaria        

6839.1 Probole nyssaria        

6840    Plagodis serinaria       

6842    Plagodis phlogosaria  

6843    Plagodis fervidaria     

6844    Plagodis alcoolaria     

6863    Caripeta divisata        

6864    Caripeta piniata          

6867    Caripeta angustiorata 

6884    Besma endropiaria     

6885    Besma quercivoraria 

6888    Lambdina fiscellaria   

6894    Lambdina fervidaria   

6906    Nepytia canosaria      

6912    Sicya macularia         

6941    Eusarca confusaria    

6963    Tetracis crocallata     

6964    Tetracis cachexiata   

6965    Eugonobapta nivosaria          

6966    Eutrapela clemataria  

6982    Prochoerodes lineola 

7009    Nematocampa resistaria       

 

Geometrinae                                                  3

7048    Nemoria mimosaria   

7058    Synchlora aerata       

7071    Chlorochlamys chloroleucaria           

 

Sterrhinae                                                      7

7114    Idaea demissaria        

7132    Pleuroprucha insulsaria         

7139    Cyclophora pendulinaria        

7146    Haematopis grataria  

7159    Scopula limboundata 

7164    Scopula junctaria       

7169    Scopula inductata      

 

Larentiinae                                                     41

7189    Dysstroma hersiliata  

7196    Eulithis diversilineata  

7197    Eulithis gracilineata    

7201    Eulithis testata

7205    Eulithis flavibrunneata

7206    Eulithis explanata       

7229    Hydriomena perfracta           

7236    Hydriomena renunciata         

7237    Hydriomena transfigurata      

7254    Hydriomena ruberata 

7285    Triphosa haesitata      

7290    Coryphista meadii      

7292    Hydria prunivorata     

7307    Mesoleuca ruficillata  

7230    Anticlea multiferata    

7368    Xanthorhoe labradorensis      

7388    Xanthorhoe ferrugata 

7390    Xanthorhoe lacustrata

7394    Epirrhoe alternata      

7399    Euphyia intermediata 

7414    Orthonama obstipata 

7416    Orthonama centrostrigaria     

7419    Hydrelia lucata           

7423    Hydrelia albifera         

7428    Venusia comptaria     

7430    Trichodezia albovittata           

7437    Operophtera bruceata           

7440    Eubaphe mendica      

7445    Horisme intestinata    

7449    Eupithecia palpata     

7474    Eupithecia miserulata

7518    Eupithecia intricata    

7529    Eupithecia absinthiata

7530    Eupithecia swettii       

7605    Eupithecia ravocostaliata

7637    Cladara limitaria

7639    Cladara atroliturata    

7640    Lobophora nivigerata 

7645    Heterophleps refusaria          

7647    Heterophleps triguttaria          

7648    Dyspteris abortivaria  

 

RHOPALOCERA                                          67

 

HESPERIIDAE                                               20

 

Pyrginae                                                         6

3870    Epargyreus clarus      

3910    Thorybes pylades      

3946    Erynnis brizo  

3947    Erynnis juvenalis        

3958    Erynnis lucilius           

3977    Pholisora catullus       

 

Heteropterinae                                              1

3982    Carterocephalus palemon     

 

Hesperiinae                                                   13

4004    Ancyloxpha numitor   

4036    Polites coras  

4041    Polites themistocles   

4047    Wallengrenia egeremet          

4048    Pompeius verna         

4051    Atrytone logan

4059    Poanes hobomok       

4064    Poanes viator 

4072    Euphyes dion

4075    Euphyes conspicua   

4077    Euphyes bimacula     

4078    Euphyes vestris         

4096    Amblyscirtes hegon   

 

PAPILIONOIDEA                                          47

 

PAPLIONIDAE                                              2

4159    Papilio polyxenus       

4176    Papilio glaucus           

 

PIERIDAE                                                      4

4197    Pieris rapae    

4209    Colias philodice          

4210    Colias eurytheme       

4237    Eurema lisa    

 

LYCAENIDAE                                                11

4249    Feniseca tarquinius    

4251    Lycaena phlaeas        

4256    Hyllolycaena hyllus    

4285    Satyrium liparops       

4282    Satyrium calanus       

4281    Satyrium edwardsii    

4283    Satyrium caryaevorum          

4278    Satyrium acadicum   

4361    Everes comyntas       

4363    Celastrina ladon [complex]                

4372    Glaucopsyche lygdamus

           

NYMPHALIDAE                                            30

4411    Libytheana carinenta 

4420    Polygonia interrogationis        

4421    Polygonia comma      

4429    Polygonia progne       

4430    Nymphalis vau-album

4432    Nymphalis antiopa     

4433    Aglais milberti 

4434    Vanessa virginiensis  

4435    Vanessa cardui          

4437    Vanessa atlanta         

4440    Junonia coenia           

4447    Euptoieta claudia       

4450    Speyeria cybele         

4451    Speyeria aphrodite     

4464    Clossiana selene        

4465    Clossiana bellona       

4481    Phyciodes tharos       

4481.1 Phyciodes pascoensis           

4489    Chlosyne gorgone      

4490    Chlosyne nycteis       

4522    Basilarchia arthemis  

4523    Basilarchia archippus 

4557    Astereocampa celtis  

4562.1 Astereocampa clyton 

4568.1 Enodia anthedon        

4568.3 Satyrodes eurydice    

4569    Satyrodes appalachia

4578    Megisto cymela         

4587    Cercyonis pegala       

4614    Danaus plexippus      

 

LASIOCAMPOIDEA                                     5

 

LASIOCAMPIDAE                                        5

Macromphaliinae                                          2

7670    Tolype velleda

7673    Tolype laricis  

Gastropachinae                                            1

7687    Phyllodesma americana        

Lasiocampinae                                              2

7698    Malacosoma disstria  

7701    Malacosoma americanum     

 

BOMBYCOIDEA                                           25

 

SATURNIIDAE                                              5

Citheroniinae                                                             1

7715    Dryocampa rubicunda           

Hemileucinae                                                 1

7746    Automeris io   

Saturniinae                                                    3

7757    Antheraea polyphemus          

7758    Actias luna     

7767    Hyalophora cecropia 

 

SPHINGIDAE                                                             20

 

Sphinginae                                                    11

7775    Manduca sexta          

7787    Ceratomia undulosa   

7809    Sphinx kalmiae          

7810    Sphinx gordius (incl. poecile) 

7817    Lapara bombycoides 

7821    Smerinthus jamaicensis         

7822    Smerinthus cerisyi     

7824    Paonias excaecatus  

7825    Paonias myops          

7827    Lathoe juglandis         

7828    Pachysphinx modesta           

 

Macroglossinae                                            9

7853    Hemaris thysbe          

7855    Hemaris diffinis          

7859    Eumorpha pandorus  

7870    Sphecodina abbottii   

7871    Deidamia inscripta     

7873    Amphion floridensis   

7885    Darapsa myron          

7886    Darapsa pholus          

7894    Hyles lineata  

 

NOCTUOIDEA                                              533

 

NOTODONTIDAE                                         39

7895    Clostera albosigma    

7898    Clostera strigosa        

7901    Clostera apicalis         

7902    Datana ministra          

7903    Datana angusii           

7906    Datana contractata    

7907    Datana integerrima    

7908    Datana perspicua       

7915    Nadata gibbosa          

7917    Hyperaeschra georgica         

7919    Peridea basitriens      

7920    Peridea angulosa       

7921    Peridea ferruginea     

7922    Pheosia rimosa          

7924    Odontosia elegans     

7928    Notodonta simplaria   

7929    Nerice bidentata         

7930    Ellida caniplaga          

7931    Gluphisia septentrionis           

7933    Gluphisia avimacula  

7934    Gluphisia lintneri         

7936    Furcula borealis         

7937    Furcula cinerea          

7939    Furcula occidentalis   

7941    Furcula modesta        

7952    Symmerista canicosta           

7953    Symmerista leucitys  

7957    Dasylophia anguina   

7975    Macrurocampa marthesia     

7983    Heterocampa obliqua

7994    Heterocampa guttivitta          

7995    Heterocampa biundata          

7998    Lochmaeus manteo   

7999    Lochmaeus bilineata  

8005    Schizura ipomoeae    

8007    Schizura unicornis     

8011    Schizura leptinoides   

8012    Oligocentria semirufescens   

8017    Oligocentria lignicolor

 

NOCTUIDAE                                                 495

 

Herminiinae                                                   37

8322    Idia americalis

8323    Idia aemula    

8323.1 Idia concisa    

8321.2 Idia herminioides        

8324    Idia majoralis  

8326    Idia rotundalis 

8327    Idia forbesi     

8328    Idia julia          

8329    Idia diminuendis         

8334    Idia lubricalis  

8338    Phalaenophana pyramusalis 

8340    Zanclognatha lituralis 

8345    Zanclognatha laevigata          

8348    Zanclognatha pedipilalis cpx. A         

8349    Zanclognatha protumnusalis  

8349.1 Zanclognatha dentata (=nr. protumnusalis of previous versions)     

8351    Zanclognatha cruralis cpx. sp A        

8352    Zanclognatha marcidilinea (formerly jacchusalis)     

8353    Zanclognatha ochreipennis    

8355    Chytolita morbidalis   

8356    Chytolita petrealis      

8357    Macrochilo absorptalis           

8357.1 Macrochilo hypocritialis Fgn. 

8358    Macrochilo litophora  

8359    Macrochilo bivittata    

8360    Macrochilo orciferalis

8361    Macrochilo louisiana  

8362    Phalaenostola metonalis        

8363    Phalaenostola eumelusalis    

8364    Phalaenostola larentioides     

8365    Phalaenostola hanhami         

8370    Bleptina caradrinalis   

8379    Renia factiosalis         

8384.1 Renia flavipunctalis    

8387    Renia sobrialis

8393    Lascoria ambigualis   

8397    Palthis angulalis

           

Rivulinae                                                        1

8404    Rivula propinqualis     

 

Subfamilly Unknown                                                1

8412    Melanomma auricinctaria

           

Hypenodinae                                                             3

8420    Hypenodes caducus  

            Hypenodes fractilinea [complex]       

8423    Hypenodes sombrus

           

Subfamily Unknown                                     1

8426    Dyspyralis illocata      

 

Hypeninae                                                      13

8441    Hypena manalis         

8442    Hypena baltimoralis   

8443    Hypena bijugalis         

8444    Hypena palparia         

8445    Hypena abalienalis     

8446    Hypena deceptalis     

8447    Hypena madefactalis 

8448    Hypena sordidula       

8450    Hypena atomaria       

8452    Hypena edictalis        

8455    Hypena eductalis       

8461    Hypena humuli           

8465    Hypena scabra

 

Subfamily Unknown                                     1         

8479    Spargaloma sexpunctata

           

Pangraptinae                                                             2

8490    Pangrapta decoralis   

8491    Ledaea perditalis

 

Boletobiinae                                                  2         

8499    Metalectra discalis     

8500    Metalectra quadrisignata

 

Calpinae                                                         1         

8536    Calyptra canadensis  

 

Scoliopteryginae                                           1

8555    Scoliopteryx libatrix

 

Eulepidotinae                                                            2         

8587    Panopoda rufimargo  

8588    Panopoda carneicosta

 

Erebinae (=Catocalinae)                              57       

8591    Phoberia atomaris      

8592    Cissusa spadix           

8641    Drasteria grandirena  

8651    Lesmone detrahens   

8689    Zale lunata     

8692    Zale galbanata           

8695    Zale undularis 

8697    Zale minerea  

8698    Zale phaeocapna       

8699    Zale obliqua    

8702a  Zale submediana sp. 1           

8703    Zale duplicata 

8704    Zale helata     

8713.1 Zale intenta (formerly lunifera)          

8716    Zale unilineata

8717    Zale horrida    

8719    Euparthenos nubilis    

8727    Parallelia bistriaris      

8731    Euclidia cuspidea       

8738    Caenurgina crassiuscula       

8739    Caenurgina erechtea 

8745    Mocis texana 

8764    Argyrostrotis anilis      

8770    Catocala innubens     

8771    Catocala piatrix          

8773    Catocala epione         

8778    Catocala habilis          

8779    Catocala serena         

8781    Catocala judith           

8784    Catocala obscura       

8788    Catocala retecta        

8792    Catocala vidua           

8795    Catocala palaeogama

8796    Catocala nebulosa     

8797    Catocala subnata       

8798    Catocala neogama

            Catocala communis   

8801    Catocala ilia   

8802    Catocala cerogama   

8803    Catocala relicta          

8805    Catocala unijuga        

8806    Catocala parta           

8817    Catocala briseis         

8822    Catocala meskei        

8832    Catocala cara

8833    Catocala concumbens           

8834    Catocala amatrix       

8851    Catocala coccinata    

8857    Catocala ultronia        

8858    Catocala crataegi       

8863    Catocala mira

8864    Catocala grynea        

8867    Catocala blandula      

8873    Catocala similis          

8876    Catocala micronympha         

8878    Catocala amica          

8878.1 Catocala lineella

 

Arctiinae                                                        27

8045.1 Crambidia pallida       

8090    Hypoprepia fucosa    

8098    Clemensia albata       

8109    Haploa reversa          

8111    Haploa lecontei          

8112    Haploa confusa          

8818    Holomelina opella      

8121    Holomelina aurantiaca           

8123    Holomelina ferruginosa          

8129    Pyrrharctia isabella    

8131    Estigmene acrea        

8134    Spilosoma congrua    

8137    Spilosoma virginica    

8140    Hyphantria cunea      

8156    Phragmatobia fuliginosa        

8171    Apantesis nais

8175    Grammia virguncula  

8196    Grammia parthenice  

8197    Grammia virgo           

8199    Grammia arge           

8203    Halysidota tessellaris 

8228    Cycnia inopinatus      

8230    Cycnia tenera

8231    Cycnia oregonensis   

8238    Euchaetes egle          

8262    Ctenucha virginica     

8267    Cisseps fulvicollis

           

Lymantriinae                                                 4

8293    Dasychira dorsipennata         

8294    Dasychira vagans      

8314    Orgyia definita           

8316    Orgyia leucostigma

           

Euteliinae                                                       3

8955    Marathyssa inficita     

8956    Marathyssa basalis    

8957    Paectes oculatrix       

 

Sarrothripinae                                               4         

8969    Baileya doubledayi     

8970    Baileya ophthalmica  

8971    Baileya dormitans      

8972    Baileya levitans

 

Chloephorinae                                              2         

8974    Characoma nilotica    

8975    Nycteola frigidana

           

Nolinae                                                           6

8983    Meganola miniscula   

8983.1 Meganola phylla         

8990    Nola cilicoides

8992    Nola triquetrana         

8995    Nola ovilla      

            Nola species

 

Bagisarinae                                                   1

9070    Amyna octo               

 

Subfamily Unknown                                     2

9038    Hyperstrotia villificans

9040    Hyperstrotia secta

 

Eustrotiinae                                                   7         

9047    Lithacodia muscosula

9048    Lithacodia albidula     

9049    Maliattha synochitis   

9053    Pseudostrotia carneola          

9284    Anterastria teratophora          

9059    Capis curvata             

            Eustrotiinae? sp. (undescribed?)

           

Condicinae                                                    7

9690    Condica videns          

9696    Condica vecors          

9720    Ogdoconta cinereola 

9057    Homophoberia apicosa          

9065    Leuconycta diphteroides        

9066    Leuconycta lepidula   

9661    Crambodes talidiformis

           

Plusiinae                                                        18

8880    Abrostola ovalis          

8881    Abrostola urentis        

8887    Trichoplusia ni

8889    Ctenoplusia oxygramma       

8890    Pseudoplusia includens         

8895    Rachiplusia ou           

8896    Diachrysia aeroides   

8897    Diachrysia balluca     

8898    Allagrapha aerea        

8899    Pseudeva purpurigera           

8905    Eosphoropteryx thyatyroides 

8907    Megalographa biloba 

8908    Autographa precationis          

8924    Anagrapha falcifera   

8950    Plusia putnami

            Plusia magnimacula  

8952    Plusia contexta          

8953    Plusia venusta

 

Acontiinae                                                     5

9085    Tarachidia semiflava 

9089    Tarachidia binocula    

9090    Tarachidia candefacta           

9095    Tarachidia erastrioides           

9145    Acontia terminimaculata

           

Amphipyrinae                                                4         

9638    Amphipyra pyramidoides       

9639    Amphipyra tragopoginis         

9640    Amphipyra glabella    

 

Eriopinae                                                       2

9631    Callopistria mollissima           

9633    Callopistria cordata    

 

Psaphidinae                                                   5

10012  Psaphida electilis       

10014  Psaphida rolandi        

10016  Psaphida styracis       

10019  Psaphida resumens   

10021  Copivaleria grotei       

 

Heliothinae                                                    6

11063  Pyrrhia adela Laf. & Mikkola 

11068  Helicoverpa zea         

11072  Heliothis phloxiphagus           

11128  Schinia arcigera         

11135  Schinia rivulosa          

11174  Schinia lucens

 

Agaristinae                                                    3

9299    Eudryas unio  

9301    Eudryas grata

9314    Alypia octomaculata  

 

Pantheinae                                                     5

9177    Panthea acronyctoides          

9182    Panthea furcilla

9184    Colocasia flavicornis  

9185    Colocasia propinquilinea        

9189    Charadra deridens

 

Raphiinae                                                       1         

9193    Raphia frater  

 

Acronictinae                                                  31

9062    Cerma cerintha

9200    Acronicta americana 

9203    Acronicta dactylina    

9205    Acronicta lepusculina 

9206    Acronicta leporina      

9207    Acronicta innotata      

9209    Acronicta radcliffei     

9212    Acronicta grisea         

9219    Acronicta connecta    

9221    Acronicta funeralis     

9225    Acronicta vinnula       

9226    Acronicta superans    

9227    Acronicta laetifica      

9229    Acronicta hasta          

9235    Acronicta spinigera    

9236    Acronicta morula       

9237    Acronicta interrupta   

9238    Acronicta lobeliae      

9242    Acronicta exilis           

9243    Acronicta ovata          

9244    Acronicta modica       

9245    Acronicta haesitata    

9247    Acronicta tristis          

9250    Acronicta inclara        

9251    Acronicta retardata    

9257    Acronicta impleta       

9261    Acronicta impressa    

9272    Acronicta oblinata      

9280    Simyra henrici sp. B  

9281    Agriopodes fallax       

9286    Harrisimemna trisignata

           

Cucullinae                                                      2

10194  Cucullia intermedia    

10200  Cucullia asteroides     

 

Noctuinae                                                      227

9619    Phosphila miselioides

9326    Apamea verbascoides           

9329    Apamea cariosa         

9333    Apamea lignicolora    

9343    Apamea apamiformis

9348    Apamea amputatrix   

9351    Apamea alia   

9364    Apamea sordens        

9367    Apamea dubitans       

9372    Apamea lutosa           

9373    Apamea helva

9382    Apamea devastator   

9391    Luperina passer         

9393    Luperina stipata          

9398    Eremobina jocasta     

9404    Oligia modica 

9406    Oligia fractilinea         

9408    Oligia exhausta          

9413    Oligia tonsa    

9419    Oligia mactata

9427    Meropleon diversicolor          

9428    Meropleon ambifusca

9429    Lemmeria digitalis      

9431    Parastichtis suspecta 

9433    Xylomoia chagnoni    

9435    Spartiniphaga inops   

9437    Chortodes inquinata   

9443    Chortodes defecta     

9449    Archanara oblonga    

9450    Archanara subflava   

9451    Archanara laeta         

9453    Celaena reniformis    

9454    Amphipoea velata      

9456    Amphipoea interoceanica      

9457    Amphipoea americana          

9464    Papaipema cerina      

9466    Papaipema cataphracta        

9471    Papaipema arctivorens          

9473    Papaipema impecuniosa       

9478    Papaipema leucostigma        

9479    Papaipema lysimachiae        

9483    Papaipema inquaesita           

9484    Papaipema rutila        

9486    Papaipema birdi         

9490    Papaipema nepheleptena      

9495    Papaipema furcata    

9496    Papaipema nebris      

9497    Papaipema necopina 

9500    Papaipema maritima 

9501    Papaipema eupatori   

9509    Papaipema unimoda  

9513    Hydraecia immanis    

9514    Hydraecia micacea   

9545    Euplexia benesimilis  

9546    Phlogophora iris         

9547    Phlogophora periculosa         

9549    Enargia decolor          

9550    Enargia infumata       

9551    Enargia mephisto       

9555    Ipimorpha pleonectusa          

9556    Chytonix palliatricula  

9557    Chytonix sensilis complex sp. 1        

9560    Dypterygia rozmani   

9578    Hyppa xylinoides       

9582    Nedra ramosula         

9626    Trachea delicata        

9647    Athetis miranda          

9649    Athetis mendosa        

9662    Balsa malana 

9663    Balsa tristrigella          

9664    Balsa labecula

9666    Spodoptera frugiperda           

9669    Spodoptera ornithogalli          

9678    Elaphria versicolor     

9680    Elaphria georgei         

9681    Elaphria festivoides    

9684    Elaphria grata 

9688    Galgula partita

9815    Cosmia calami           

9818    Amolita fessa 

9874    Xylena curvimacula   

9878    Lithomoia germana    

9881    Homoglaea hiricina    

9885    Lithophane semiusta  

9886    Lithophane patefacta 

9887    Lithophane bethunei   

9888    Lithophane innominata           

9889    Lithophane petulca     

9891    Lithophane amanda   

9892    Lithophane disposita  

9893    Lithophane hemina    

9910    Lithophane antennata

9914    Lithophane laticinerea

9915    Lithophane grotei       

9916    Lithophane unimoda  

9917    Lithophane fagina      

9922    Lithophane pexata     

9929    Pyreferra hesperidago           

9930    Pyreferra citromba    

9932    Pyreferra pettiti          

9933    Eupsilia vinulenta       

9933.1 Eupsilia sidus 

9935    Eupsilia tristigmata     

9936    Eupsilia morrisoni       

9939    Eupsilia devia 

9942    Metaxaglaea inulta     

9947    Epiglaea apiata          

9950    Chaetaglaea sericea  

9952    Eucirroedia pampina  

9957    Sunira bicolorago       

9961    Anathix ralla   

9962    Anathix puta   

9963    Anathix aggressa       

9965    Xanthia togata

9998    Brachylomia algens   

10055  Apharetra dentata      

10059  Homohadena badistriga         

10067  Adita chionanthi         

10223  Discestra trifolii          

10265  Sideridis rosea           

10272  Mamestra curialis      

10275  Polia nimbosa

10276  Polia imbrifera

10280  Polia purpurissata      

10288  Polia detracta 

10292  Melanchra adjuncta   

10293  Melanchra picta         

10295  Melanchra assimilis   

10297  Lacanobia atlantica    

10299  Lacanobia subjuncta  

10300  Spirameter grandis    

10301  Spirameter lutra         

10304  Trichordestra legitima

10317  Hadena capsularis     

10368  Lacinipolia meditata   

10370  Lacinipolia lustralis     

10372  Lacinipolia anguina    

10397  Lacinipolia renigera    

10405  Lacinipolia lorea         

10406  Lacinipolia olivacea    

10431  Faronta diffusa           

10436  Aletia oxygala

10438  Pseudaletia unipuncta

10444  Leucania phragmatidicola      

10445  Leucania linda

10446  Leucania multilinea    

10446.1           Leucania lapidaria      

10447  Leucania commoides

10449  Leucania insueta        

10459  Leucania inermis        

10462  Leucania pseudargyria          

10487  Orthosia rubescens    

10488  Orthosia garmani       

10490  Orthosia revicta         

10491  Orthosia alurina          

10495  Orthosia hibisci          

10501  Crocigrapha normani 

10513  Egira dolosa   

10518  Achatia distincta         

10520  Morrisonia evicta       

10521  Morrisonia confusa    

10291  Morrisonia latex         

10524  Nephelodes minians  

10532  Homorthodes furfurata          

10563  Protorthodes oviduca 

10567  Ulolonche culea         

10569  Ulolonche modesta    

10578  Pseudorthodes vecors           

10585  Orthodes crenulata    

10289  Orthodes goodelli       

10597  Orthodes cynica        

10627  Tricholita signata        

10648  Agrotis gladiaria         

10651  Agrotis venerabilis      

10659  Agrotis volubilis          

10663  Agrotis ipsilon 

10664  Agrotis subterranea    

10670  Feltia jaculifera           

10674  Feltia subgothica        

10675  Feltia tricosa   

10676  Feltia herilis    

10680  Trichosilia geniculata

10705  Euxoa messoria         

10755  Euxoa declarata         

10793  Euxoa scholastica      

10803  Euxoa velleripennis    

10805  Euxoa tessellata         

10807  Euxoa albipennis        

10838  Euxoa detersa

10851  Euxoa redimicula       

10854  Euxoa servita 

10865  Euxoa perpolita          

10902  Euagrotis forbesi        

10903  Euagrotis illapsa         

10911  Anicla infecta 

10915  Peridroma saucia       

10891  Ochropleura implecta

10917  Diarsia rubifera          

10919  Diarsia jucunda          

10926  Spaelotis clandestina 

10928  Graphiphora augur     

10929  Eurois occulta

10942  Xestia c-nigrum          

10942.1           Xestia dolosa  

10943  Xestia normaniana     

10944  Xestia smithii  

10968  Xestia badicollis         

10969  Xestia dilucida            

10988  Coenophila opacifrons           

10955  Agnorisma badinodis

10954  Agnorisma bugrai       

10950  Pseudohermonassa bicarnea

10951  Pseudohermonassa tenuicula           

10994  Cerastis tenebrifera   

10996  Cerastis salicarum     

11000  Anaplectoides prasina

11001  Anaplectoides pressus           

11006  Protolampra brunneicollis      

11007  Eueretagrotis sigmoides        

11008  Eueretagrotis perattenta        

11009  Eueretagrotis attenta  

11010  Lycophota phyllophora          

11012  Cryptocala acadiensis           

11029  Abagrotis alternata     

11043  Abagrotis cupida        

11044  Abagrotis brunneipennis        

11045  Abagrotis anchocelioides       

            Undet. Noctuinae       

 

Some Other Lepidoptera Families

 

COSSIDAE                                                    2

2693    Prionoxystus robiniae

2676    Acossus populi           

ATTEVIDAE                                                  1

2401    Atteva punctella         

ZYGAENOIDEA                                            8

ZYGAENIDAE                                                           1

4624    Harrisina americana  

LIMACODIDAE                                             7

4652    Tortricidia testacea    

4653    Tortricidia pallida        

4659    Packardia geminata   

4665    Lithacodes fasciola    

4667    Apoda y-inversum     

4668    Apoda biguttata          

4697    Euclea delphini           

 

References Cited

 

Harvey, Donald J.  1991.  Higher Classification of the Nymphalidae.  Appendix B in The Development and Evolution of Butterfly Wing Patterns by H. F. Nijhout. Smithsonian Institution Press.

Hodges, Ronald W. et. al.  1983.  Check List of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico.  Great Britian, University Press, Cambridge.  284 pp.

Mitchell, Andrew, Charles Mitter, and Jerome C. Regier.  2006.  Systematics and evolution of the cutworm moths (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): evidence from two protein-coding nuclear genes.  Systematic Entomology, 31: 21-46.

Poole, Robert W.  1995.  Noctuoidea, Noctuidae (part) in Dominick, R. B. et al., The Moths of America North of Mexico, Fasc. 26.1.

Zahiri, Reza, Ian J. Kitching, J. Donald Lafontaine, Marko Mutanen, Lauri Kaila, Jeremy Holloway & Niklas Wahlberg. 2011. A new molecular phylogeny offers hope for a stable family level classification of the Noctuouidea (Lepidoptera). Zoologica Scripta.

Zahiri, Reza, Jeremy Holloway, Ian J. Kitching, J. Donald Lafontaine, Marko Mutanen, & Niklas Wahlberg. 2012a. Molecular phylogenetics of Erebidae (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea). Systematic Entomology, 37: 102-124.

Zahiri, Reza, J. Donald Lafontaine, Jeremy Holloway, Ian J. Kitching, B. Christian Schmidt, Lauri Kaila, & Niklas Wahlberg. 2012b. Major lineages of Nolidae (Lepidoptera, Noctuoidea) elucidated by molecular phylogenetics. Cladistics 1 (2012): 1-23.

Zahiri, Reza, J. Donald Lafontaine, Christian Schmidt, Jeremy Holloway, Ian J. Kitching, Marko Mutanen, & Niklas Wahlberg. 2013. Relationships among the basal lineages of Noctuidae (Lepidoptera, Noctuoidea) based on eight gene regions. Zoologica Scripta.